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Mensaje: <blockquote data-quote="Delfin" data-source="post: 879698" data-attributes="member: 2582">SISTEMAS ANTITORPEDO – 4ª ParteSeguimos con el tema. Para los que inician su lectura por acá... les recuerdo  que simplemente estoy recopilando información y alguna imagen de la web (de las fuentes que cito), no soy autor.LOS ACTUADORES para DEFENSA ANTITORPEDO para BUQUES DE SUPERFICIE <img src="http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/n87/usw/issue_32/images/antitorpedo5.gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> This graphic shows an aircraft carrier towing a tri-band array as well as the type of torpedoes it is designed to detect.Fuente: "ANALISIS DE LOS SISTEMAS ANTITORPEDO PARA UNIDADES DE SUPERFICIE". por Hartmut Mansek, CCRE AA, Publicaciones Navales, ARA (formato PDF) Ya vimos antes que hay dos tipos de contramedidas:<ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Softkill: señuelos lanzables o remolcables <ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">perturbadores </li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">emuladores de blancos móviles</li> </ul></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Hardkill: torpedos antitorpedos (hay otros)</li> </ul>Los señuelos PERTURBADORES son dispositivos que generan ruidos de alta potencia para enmascarar al buque, buscando la saturación del seeker del torpedo hostil. Los señuelos EMULADORES DE BLANCOS MÓVILES (MTE = Mobile Target Emulators) tratan de simular el ruido que reproduce <ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">la firma acústica del propio buque (ruido radiado y eco) y </li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">la dinámica (trayectoria horizontal) del buque</li> </ul>La fuente consultada señala que las simulaciones (teóricas, en laboratorio) y las verificaciones (prácticas, en el mar) demuestran que más de un PERTURBADOR y más de un EMULADOR MTE incrementan notablemente la supervivencia del buque atacado por torpedos, incluyendo a aquellos torpedos acústicos más avanzados. <img src="http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/n87/usw/issue_32/images/antitorpedo4.gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" />The tri-band array is seen here partially unspooled in Cleveland’s welldeck. GENERADORES de RUIDO 1. El AN/SLQ-25A Nixie: es un experimentado dispositivo remolcado generador de ruidos de origen Estadounidense, diseñado para proporcionar defensa contra torpedos de estela, con autoguiado acústico y guiado por cable. Está en servicio en toda la marina de USA y en más de 20 marinas del mundo con más de 300 sistemas. Ha sido -y es- mejorado en múltiples oportunidades. <img src="http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/images/NAVY_AN-SLQ-25_Nixie.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" />  2. El AN/WSQ-11 o Whiskey 11 o Super Nixie: es un sistema remolcado desarrollado por la empresa ULTRA Electronic Systems para la USN, que se ha basado en el Nixie. El WSQ-11 puede detectar múltiples torpedos utiizando un sonar activo y pasivo. El sistema puede seguir automáticamente amenazas entrantes y neutralizarlas mediante contramedidas acústicas (softkill) o mediante el lanzamiento de torpedos antitorpedos (hardkill)"Current Efforts The 2006 edition of the CNO’s annual program guide, Sea Power for a New Era, outlines key programs intended to enhance U.S. torpedo countermeasures effectiveness. For one, improvements to the AN/SQQ-89A(V)15 USW Combat System on surface warships include a multifunction towed array with acoustic intercept sensor and the Torpedo Recognition and Alertment Functional Segment (TRAFS) to provide warning that a torpedo is inbound. The Navy and Penn State University’s Applied Research Laboratory are also developing an Anti-Torpedo Torpedo (ATT) that could be launched from both submarines and surface ships to intercept and destroy inbound threats. (Other key ATT players include the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, R.I., and the Naval Surface Warfare Centers in Indian Head, Md., and Crane, Ind.) As currently configured, the 200-pound ATT is 6.75 inches in diameter, 105 inches long, and powered by a stored chemical-energy propulsion system similar to the Navy’s MK 50 torpedo. Advances in electronics miniaturization, significant increases in microprocessor computation rates, and sophisticated processing algorithms have overcome the shortcomings of the previous ATT program, which was cancelled in 1994. A capability to launch multiple ATTs simultaneously to defeat multiple, salvo-fired torpedoes is a required feature. Tests of the ATT have been planned for late 2006. Knowledge that a threat is imminent – and a kill mechanism to defeat that threat – are necessary, but clearly are not sufficient to solve the torpedo problem. For this reason, the Naval Sea Systems Command, the Program Executive Office (PEO) for Submarines, and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) have teamed on the AN/WSQ-11 Surface Ship Torpedo Defense System (TDS), which will have some application to submarines as well as to surface platforms. One aspect of ONR’s ATT project in the fleet/Force Protection Future Naval Capability program, the WSQ-11 will provide a major upgrade to current TDS capabilities in automated torpedo detection, classification, and localization sub-systems that will deliver enhanced early alertment as well as fire-control quality data for the ATT. The Counter-Torpedo Detection/ Classification/Localization (DCL) system will provide a technical design package and advanced design models for a high-frequency array. It will also provide torpedo detection and tracking algorithms for salvo engagements of up to four threat torpedoes simultaneously. The initial focus is to equip ASW units (e.g., destroyers and cruisers), although future variants could be incorporated into ASW high value unit platforms (aircraft carriers, amphibious assault ships, etc.). The primary elements of the WSQ-11 are: ü       Tripwire DCL, which includes, (1) a Flexible Towed Source (FTS) that retains SLQ-25A Nixie Acoustic Decoy Function for softkill, but adds an active acoustic source for torpedo detection, advanced processing to deal with a quiet threat, and false-alarm reduction enhancements; (2) an Acoustic Intercept Receiver that detects active acoustic signals from threat torpedoes and radiated noise from torpedo propulsion, and a receiver for FTS active returns; and (3) a Command and Control Processor, to conduct active / passive search and provide an automated threat-level response ü       The hard-kill Anti-Torpedo Torpedo for all threats, a self-contained launcher, and a canisterized launch system ü       SLQ-25A soft-kill upgrades to augment the Target Detection System and an improved littoral tow for deployment in shallower operating environments." Fuente: <a href="http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/n87/usw/issue_32/antitorpedo_2.html" target="_blank">http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/n87/usw/issue_32/antitorpedo_2.html</a> 3. El ATC-1 de Rafael: es un sistema similar al Nixie: un cuerpo remolcado que genera señales acústicas de gran intensidad para crear un objetivo falso para el torpedo hostil que está atacando al buque. Temas que siguen... "Sistemas de Lanzamiento de Señuelos para buques de superficie", "Señuelos para buques de superficie" y "Actuadores Hardkill" con torpedos antitorpedos, cohetes que llevan cargas de profundidad, etc.</blockquote>

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