In recent days, unofficial reports have emerged pointing to a potential sale of new J-10CE fighter jets by China to equip the Sudanese Air Force. If finalized, this acquisition would hold significant strategic relevance for the region. According to Chinese military sources cited by local media, the purchase is reportedly being considered with a focus on neighboring Ethiopia, with whom Sudan disputes the Fashaga lands and the construction of a dam that threatens its water supply.
A Chinese military source, speaking on condition of anonymity, stated: “The Sudanese Air Force is in contact with us to finalize an agreement for the import of a batch of J-10CE lightweight fighter jets manufactured by Guizhou Aviation Factory.” For China, this would represent the second international customer for this type of aircraft, considering that Pakistan has already acquired its own batch of 36 J-10CE units. Various rumors also suggest that Egypt has selected it as a replacement for its F-16s, as the original plan to modernize them became unfeasible due to Western restrictions imposed on the country. However, no official confirmation has been issued.
Israeli media have speculated that Sudan intends to purchase an initial batch of eight Chinese-made aircraft, along with unspecified air defense systems, in response to concerns regarding the Ethiopian Air Force. Based on previous statements by Sudanese Defense Minister Yassin Ibrahim Yassin, analysts suggest that the first delivery could take place as early as March, with a second shipment expected by the end of the year.
A proposal of this nature would not face significant obstacles from the Chinese side, given China’s efforts to position the J-10CE as an alternative to Western-origin fighter jets. These aircraft, as seen in Pakistan’s acquisition, come equipped with radars compatible with modern AESA technology, with an estimated detection range of 170 kilometers, in addition to the integration of IRST sensors. Furthermore, the fighter jet stands out for its capability to incorporate long-range weaponry, particularly the PL-15E missiles, which are estimated to have a range of 145 kilometers.
However, within Sudan’s defense sector, there is some skepticism regarding the feasibility of this acquisition. One of the most vocal critics is retired General Hassan Yahya, who highlighted Sudan’s long-standing cooperation with Russia for acquiring such platforms. He also pointed out the country’s growing domestic drone production capabilities, which offer a significantly lower-cost alternative. Furthermore, he dismissed the argument that Sudan needs to arm itself against Ethiopia, stating that the nation’s military doctrine is peaceful and does not seek confrontation with regional neighbors.
At least part of General Yahya’s stance appears valid, as much of Sudan’s Air Force consists of Soviet-era platforms. For example, its transport fleet is primarily composed of Antonov An-12 and Antonov An-30 aircraft, with other Soviet-origin units operating in smaller numbers. Similarly, its combat and attack aviation fleet includes a mix of Soviet-built systems, with MiG-29 fighters and Su-25 attack aircraft serving as its main assets. There are also outdated Chinese designs in service, including Nanchang Q-5, Shenyang J-6, and Chengdu J-7 aircraft.
Nevertheless, given Russia’s difficulties in supplying military equipment to its clients due to the ongoing war in Ukraine, it would not be surprising if Sudan turned to China to meet its urgent defense needs. Historically, Sudan has maintained close diplomatic ties with China, notably supporting Beijing’s stance on Taiwan. Furthermore, the J-10CE represents a more affordable alternative compared to similar aircraft, with an estimated price between $40-50 million per unit—significantly lower than the $65 million or more required for an F-16V.
Images used for illustrative purposes.
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